Effect of Solution Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 254SMo

Publish Time: 06/21 2021 Author: Site Editor Visit: 13556

254SMo is a super austenitic stainless steel with high chromium, nickel, molybdenum and ultra-low carbon. Since the 1980s, the stainless steel has been widely used in seawater desalination, pulp bleaching, chemical and chemical industries due to its excellent corrosion resistance and high strength.

With the urgent demand for localization of 254SMo in recent years, a lot of research has been conducted in China, but most of them are concentrated on the corrosion resistance research after heat treatment, and there are few basic researches on the solution treatment stage. Since solution treatment is essential for obtaining complete austenite structure of 254SMo, it is important to determine the subsequent processing technology and obtain better corrosion resistance. For this reason, this article studies the effect of solution treatment on the structure and mechanical properties of 254SMo.

In this experiment, 254SMo super austenitic stainless steel smelted in large-scale production was used to forge and extrude into blanks. Its microstructure is complete austenite, and its chemical composition is (mass fraction, %): 0.014C, 19.70Cr, 18.31 Ni, 6.08Mo, 0.19N, 0.66Cu, 0.59Mn, 0.55Si, 0.014P, 0.0008S, the balance is Fe. The billet was subjected to solution treatment at different temperatures (900, 950, 1000, 1050, 1100, 1150, 1200, 1250 and 1300°C) in a muffle furnace, and kept at each solution temperature for 1 hour, and then water quenched.

Solution treatment has a great influence on the grain size of 254SMo. During the solution treatment within the test temperature range, the grains grow up normally, and the activation energy for grain growth is 152kJ/mol. When the solution temperature is lower than 1100°C, σ phase is found in the 254SMo structure. With the decrease of the solid solution temperature, the σ phase increases rapidly, and the χ phase and other phases also begin to appear, causing the plastic and toughness of the steel to drop sharply; when the solid solution temperature exceeds 1150°C, the precipitated phase disappears. When the solid solution temperature is higher than 1150℃, the mechanical properties of 254SMo are stable. Considering the influence of 254SMo solid solution degree, grain size, mechanical properties and other factors, it is recommended that the best solution temperature of 254SMo is 1150～1250℃.

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