Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding Technology For Ship Use Steel

Welding production efficiency and welding quality directly affect the production cycle, cost and hull quality of ship processing and manufacturing, so welding technology has become a key technology in ship processing and manufacturing and the development of the shipbuilding industry. Compared with traditional welding methods, laser welding has many advantages such as high efficiency, cleanliness, narrow heat-affected zone, and small joint deformation. This is because the laser beam energy density is extremely high, the power density is 106~108W/cm2, the aspect ratio is large, and it has a good welding effect on difficult-to-weld materials such as high melting point metals; at the same time, the laser welding speed is fast and the heat input is small. , So that the heat-affected zone is small, material deformation and residual stress are small. However, laser welding applications also have certain limitations, which are mainly manifested in high welding costs and low energy conversion efficiency. This situation has promoted the development of laser-arc hybrid welding technology.

Laser-arc hybrid welding combines the advantages of the two independent heat sources of laser and arc: laser heat source has high energy density, while arc plasma has high heat-electric conversion efficiency, low equipment cost and operating cost; To a large extent, the shortcomings of the two are avoided, such as the laser energy loss caused by the high reflectivity of the metal material to the laser, the lower energy density of the arc heat source, and the poor discharge stability during high-speed movement. The organic combination of the two forms its outstanding advantages: high energy density, high energy utilization, high arc stability, etc., making it a new welding technology with great application prospects.

The basic principle of laser-arc hybrid welding is: during the welding process, the laser beam and the arc act on the same position on the metal surface at the same time. The photo-induced plasma cloud generated by the laser action will reduce the laser energy utilization rate. After the arc is added, the arc plasma will cause The laser-induced plasma dilution improves the efficiency of laser energy transmission; at the same time, the arc increases the temperature of the base material, and the absorption rate of the base material to the laser is also improved. At the same time, the laser melting metal provides free electrons for the arc, which reduces the resistance of the arc channel, so that the energy utilization rate of the arc is also improved, thereby increasing the total energy utilization rate. The laser beam also has a focusing and guiding effect on the arc, which makes the arc more stable during the welding process.

A large number of test results show that under the same welding specification, compared with traditional single heat source welding, laser-arc hybrid welding can significantly increase the penetration depth. Since the same effect can be obtained at a smaller laser power, it is reduced to a certain extent. Cost. Laser-arc hybrid welding can also reduce the occurrence of welding defects such as pores, cracks, and undercuts, improve the wettability of molten metal and solid base metal, eliminate weld undercuts, and reduce the processing and assembly labor of welds. Improve production efficiency.

It is particularly worth pointing out that welding deformation is one of the main problems that need to be solved in the shipbuilding industry. In the hull manufacturing process, welding man-hours and welding costs account for a large part of the total man-hours and total cost of hull construction, and the cost increase caused by welding deformation accounts for a considerable proportion. Laser-arc hybrid welding has a very small amount of deformation, and the post-welding trimming workload is greatly reduced, which further reduces the cost of shipbuilding, saves time and improves efficiency. At present, some shipyards in Europe, America and Japan have adopted laser-arc hybrid welding technology. For example, the Meyer shipyard in Germany has all adopted laser-arc hybrid welding for ships. Studies have confirmed that the welding speed of steel plates with a thickness of less than 15 mm and a length of less than 20 meters can reach 3 meters per minute.

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By Minghe Die Casting Manufacturer |Categories: Helpful Articles |Material Tags: Aluminum Casting, Zinc Casting, Magnesium Casting, Titanium Casting, Stainless Steel Casting, Brass Casting,Bronze Casting,Casting Video,Company History,Aluminum Die Casting |Comments Off