The Characteristics And Classification Of Die-Cast Aluminum Alloy Materials

Publish Time: 04/29 2021 Author: Site Editor Visit: 16781

Die-cast aluminum alloy has high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity and heat conductivity, casting and processing properties, and is widely used in the fields of automobiles, telecommunications, electronics, and aerospace. With the development of automobile and other industries, the output of aluminum alloy die castings has increased by nearly 13 per year, accounting for more than 75% of the output of nonferrous alloy die castings. Aluminum alloy die castings are now developing towards large-scale, complex, thin-walled, high-precision, and integrated direction, which actively promotes the development of aluminum alloy die-casting technology

Die-casting aluminum alloy should not only ensure smooth die-casting and meet the working performance requirements of the manufactured parts, it should also have a mouth]:

When the superheat is not high, even in the solid and liquidus temperature range, it should have good plastic rheological properties, so as to fill the complex cavity, ensure good surface quality of the casting, and reduce the internal shrinkage of the casting Holes;
The linear shrinkage rate is small, so as to avoid cracks and deformation of the castings, and improve the dimensional accuracy of the castings;
The crystallization temperature range is small, which reduces the possibility of shrinkage holes in the castings.
It has a certain high-temperature solid strength to prevent When the mold is opened, the casting is deformed or broken;
It does not chemically react with the die-casting mold, and has a low affinity to prevent the sticky mold from alloying with the casting and the mold;
It is not easy to inhale and oxidize in the high-temperature molten state. In order to meet the requirements of long-term heat preservation during die-casting.

According to the alloy composition, die-cast aluminum alloys mainly include Al-Si, Al-Mg and Al-Zn series. The eutectic Al-Si alloy has a small crystallization temperature interval, the silicon phase has the characteristics of solidification latent heat, large specific heat capacity, and small linear shrinkage coefficient. Therefore, Al alloys have good casting performance, filling performance and smaller heat Cracking and shrinkage tendency.

In the die-cast aluminum alloy series, Al-Si series alloys are generally the main ones, including Al-Si-Cu and Al-Si-Mg series, such as ADC12 and ADC10 alloys. However, this type of alloy has major problems such as low strength, poor plasticity and general cutting performance. For this reason, in recent years, domestic and foreign researchers have improved the structure of the alloy through (micro)alloying, and obtained low-cost, high-toughness die-cast aluminum alloy. A1-Mg alloy has the characteristics of good mechanical properties at room temperature and strong corrosion resistance, but there are problems such as poor casting properties, fluctuations in mechanical properties, greater wall thickness effects, and greater tendency of die castings to crack and stress corrosion cracking.

Al-zn alloy die castings can obtain high mechanical properties after natural aging, but their corrosion resistance is poor, stress corrosion tendency is strong, and die casting is easy to hot crack and other shortcomings. The following is the role played by the main alloy elements in die-cast aluminum alloy l1 J．

Si:Significantly improve fluidity, reduce shrinkage, reduce machinability, thermal cracking tendency and thermal expansion coefficient, improve air tightness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity
Cu:Improve fluidity, significantly increase strength, hardness, creep resistance and fatigue strength, improve machining performance, and reduce corrosion resistance
Mg:Improve fluidity, increase strength, hardness, toughness and impact resistance, and improve machining performance
Mn:Increase alloy strength, improve heat resistance, corrosion resistance and rigidity, reduce stickiness
Zn:Improve fluidity, form a solid solution with AI, have a certain strengthening effect, improve machining performance, and reduce corrosion resistance

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