The Development Of Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking Clean Production Technology

The clean technology includes two aspects: improving the cleanliness of steel and reducing the load on the external environment. It is a production technology that consumes waste iron and steel materials from the society and recycles them. It does not consume non-renewable resources and uses the cleanest energy-electricity. The development of electric arc furnace steelmaking itself is the development of clean production.

In addition, the clean development of electric arc furnace steelmaking technology is as follows.

(1) Clean steel production.

• ① Increase the proportion of pure iron sources in the raw materials (such as direct reduced iron and molten iron);
• 　　② Low-oxygen smelting, control the terminal molten steel Wr0≤450×10;
• 　　③ Slag modification;
• 　　④ Clean steel refining process;
• 　　⑤ Molten steel protection pouring;
• 　　⑥ Electromagnetic braking and large inclusion control technology.

(2) Reduce environmental load.

• ① Electric arc furnace steelmaking uses clean energy;
• ② The si removal process is adopted to reduce the amount of slag;
• ③ Promote gas recovery technology;
• ④ Development of preheating technology for electric arc furnace scrap steel;
• ⑤ Refined slag and steelmaking recycling technology;
• ⑥ Dust recovery and treatment technology.

Significant technological progress in recent years

Electric arc furnace steelmaking production technology has made great progress in recent years. Following the surging of compact small steel mills in the 1960s, it has changed the unique situation of joint enterprises. In recent years, some electric arc furnace short-flow steel mills using cutting-edge technology integration have been produced.

• (1) Cremona ESP endless rolling strip mill of Alvidi, Italy. The company has built the world's first ArvediESP endless rolling strip steel plant, including a 250t electric arc furnace, two 250t ladle refining furnaces and an ESP endless strip rolling production line. The designed annual production capacity is 2 million tons, which can produce strip steel with a thickness of 0.8-12.0mm and a width of 1590mm.
• (2) The Crawfordsville plant of Nucor Corporation, USA. In the electric arc furnace steelmaking workshop after the company’s transformation, there is no heating device between the casting machine and the hot rolling stand. The strip passes through the hot rolling stand. 50,000 tons. Using the Casttrip process, due to the high cooling rate, short solidification time, and high drawing speed (generally 80-1500m/min), it has high productivity and can obtain extremely fine microstructures.
• (3) MesabiNuggetITmk3 factory of Kobe Steel, Japan. ITmk3 (IronTeChnologyMarkm) is known as the third-generation ironmaking method. It is a coal-based direct reduction technology that uses rotary hearth furnaces to produce high-quality pig iron jointly developed by Kobe Steel Corporation of Japan and Midland Corporation of the United States. Pulverized coal directly obtains molten iron. Using this technology, iron ore powder can be smelted into slag-free, symmetrical and nearly pure granular iron within 10 minutes.

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