The Disassembly Method Of Mechanical Parts

The disassembly of mechanical parts is related to the safety of the parts and the efficiency of disassembly. If the method is appropriate, it will save labor and time, and at the same time protect the parts from damage. Now I will talk about the disassembly methods and precautions of the parts based on personal experience.

Disassembly Method

The disassembly methods of mechanical parts can be classified into the following types.

1. Hammering And Disassembly

The force or energy of hammering is used to displace and separate the cooperating containing parts, and the method to achieve the purpose of disassembling the parts is called the hammering disassembly method. This method is simple and easy to implement and is used daily. It is mainly used for the disassembly of parts with simple structure and loose or not tight fitting, such as dynamic fit, overfitting, and parts with an interference less than 0.03mm. But it cannot be used for the disassembly of precision parts that are not suitable for impact. When disassembling by hammering, soft materials, such as copper plates, copper rods, aluminum plates, etc., should be used to padded the hit parts of the parts to avoid damage to the parts. Hammering tools can be hand hammers, sledgehammers or other special impact tools.

2. Tension And Compression Disassembly Method

With the help of jacks, dies and other tools that can generate tension and pressure, the mating surfaces of the contained parts are displaced and separated. This disassembly method is called the tension and compression disassembly method. This disassembly method has uniform force on the parts, and the direction of force is easy to control. It is mostly used for the disassembly of parts with larger size and larger interference. Specifically: it is suitable for the interference of 0.03～0.08mm. Parts disassembly.

3. Heating Disassembly Method

Utilize the characteristics of thermal expansion and contraction to rapidly heat the containing parts to expand the inner hole, reduce the interference of the mating surface, and even produce gaps, so that the parts will be displaced and ejected under the guidance of the die or jack. This disassembly method is actually a comprehensive disassembly method, heating, pulling and pressing, and hammering throughout the entire disassembly process, used for parts with an interference greater than 0.1mm.

At the same time, when heating and disassembling, you should first install the tension and compression tools in place and work hard. When the tension and compression are not moving, pour the heated oil on the housing to expand and cause displacement and disengagement. An oxyacetylene flame can also be used to heat the containment member to achieve the purpose of disassembly. The choice of heating method can be carried out according to the specific situation. If the interference is large, the size of the parts is large, and the shape and size of the heating are not affected, the flame heating can be used. Otherwise, the liquid heating can be used.

Precautions For Disassembly Of Mechanical Parts

The disassembly of parts is a very delicate work with a certain technical content, which should be paid attention to in the following aspects.

• Before disassembling, you should carefully study the relevant drawings and manuals and other materials, understand the material, structure, and tightness of the parts, and determine the disassembly method and the movable direction of the containing parts.
• Before disassembling, make a mark and position mark on the parts. Determine the order of disassembly and installation of parts.
• Before disassembling, wipe clean the exit mating surface of the parts and add a little oil. When disassembling, the force should be evenly applied, and the withdrawal amount of the surrounding parts should be constantly checked. If there is a jam, the force should be stopped, the cause should be analyzed and measures should be taken before disassembly.
• During the disassembly process, attention must be paid to safety, the equipment used must be reliable, and the operation must be stable and proper. When disassembling tall or slender parts, measures to prevent collapse, overturning, and damage should be taken to avoid personal injury. Equipment accident.
• The parts that do not need to be disassembled should not be disassembled as much as possible; the disassembled parts should be kept, and will not be lost, damaged, damaged, or polluted.

In one of the following situations, generally do not disassemble

• (1) Manufacture and assembly of interference fit components that are free from damage and treatment, such as supporting wheels and shafts, ring gears and hubs, etc.
• (2) Assembled, tightly sealed and lead-sealed parts, such as couplers, actuators, etc.
• (3) It has been calibrated and disassembled, which will affect the accuracy of the detection devices, such as precision instruments.
• (4) Parts that must not be disassembled as expressly stipulated in the technical documents.

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