The Heat Treatment Process Of High Manganese And Low Nickel Stainless Steel

In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy, the demand for stainless steel has continued to increase, and the strong demand has driven the rapid expansion of China's stainless steel production capacity. But at the same time, China is a country lacking nickel and chromium resources, so it is of great significance to develop and produce nickel-saving economical stainless steel. 1Mn5Cr10NiMo steel is a low-nickel martensitic stainless steel with Mn substituting Ni. This steel can be used in areas where corrosion resistance is not very high. A more systematic study of the heat treatment process, hardness and structure of the steel has important guiding significance for its later processing and use.

The test steel is a 1Mn5Cr10NiMo steel bar obtained by rolling and cold drawing after smelting ingots with electric furnace smelting + VOD + external refining process, diameter Φ46mm, after annealing, the structure is tempered martensite, annealing process is 820℃×20h Furnace cold, hardness 360～385HB, its chemical composition is shown in Table 1. After normal high temperature annealing, the steel has a high hardness, which causes great difficulties for the laser cutting process.

Take samples of cold drawn annealed bars for quenching and tempering to study the changes in their hardness, structure and mechanical properties. The specific process is as follows:

• Select 9 groups of samples at 1050~350℃, select 9 temperature points for 1h, and then quench them. Through the changes in hardness and structure, the critical phase transition temperature is roughly determined.
• The critical phase transition temperature determined by step ① was selected. Five groups of samples were kept at 960℃ for 1h and then air-cooled. They were kept at 750～580℃ for 2h and then cooled with the furnace for tempering to study their hardness changes and mechanical properties.

The result shows:

• Ar1 of 1Mn5Cr10NiMo steel is around 750℃, and Ar3 is 900℃. Taking into account the influence of superheat, it is basically consistent with the calculation results of the critical temperature calculation formula of hypoeutectoid steel. Ar1 and Ar3 are nearly 20 lower than Ac1 and Ac3 ℃.
• During tempering, there is secondary hardening in the high temperature section (>630℃), and the hardness increases with the increase of tempering temperature. The secondary hardening is mainly due to the dispersion strengthening of precipitated carbides, which improves the strength of the steel at the same time , The hardness also increases.
• From the comprehensive consideration of tensile strength and impact performance, tempering near 690℃ has the highest strength and impact performance, and the hardness is about 302HBW. The tempered parts below 600°C have the risk of brittle fracture, so the tempering temperature should be above 600°C.

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